Goiter Incidence Among Basic Schools Children in Shendi Area – Northern Sudan
Faroug Bakheit Mohamed Ahmed,
Isam Elddin Bakheit Mohamed Ahmed
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 6, November 2015
Pages:
117-120
Received:
23 August 2015
Accepted:
6 September 2015
Published:
9 October 2015
Abstract: One thousand two hundred and fourteen students (593 boys and 621 girls) from Shendi basic schools were subjected to study the goiter incidence among schoolchildren. Shendi area was divided into four geographical zones; north, south, east and west because there is a difference in the water sources. Pupils were subjected to clinical assessment by team of doctors from Shendi hospitals to determine the presence of goiter and it is grades. The assessment was done by palpation procedure according to world health organization (WHO,1990) and The International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (ICCIDD) criteria. The distribution of goiter incidence among schoolchildren was 14.6% and 54.6% of them were females (15.8% in females and 13.3% in males). Grade 1A goiter was more prevalent (75.2% of goitrous cases). High incidence of goiter was observed in southern Shendi (23.4%) and low incidence in eastern (11.3%).
Abstract: One thousand two hundred and fourteen students (593 boys and 621 girls) from Shendi basic schools were subjected to study the goiter incidence among schoolchildren. Shendi area was divided into four geographical zones; north, south, east and west because there is a difference in the water sources. Pupils were subjected to clinical assessment by tea...
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Antibiogram of Biofield-Treated Shigella boydii: Global Burden of Infections
Mahendra Kumar Trivedi,
Alice Branton,
Dahryn Trivedi,
Gopal Nayak,
Sambhu Charan Mondal,
Snehasis Jana
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 6, November 2015
Pages:
121-126
Received:
8 October 2015
Accepted:
16 October 2015
Published:
16 November 2015
Abstract: Bacillary dysentery and acute gastroenteritis caused by infection of Shigella species are major public health burden in India and its neighboring countries. Emergence of antimicrobial resistance threatens to render current treatments ineffective. The current study was attempted to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on Shigella boydii (S. boydii) with respect of antimicrobial susceptibility assay, biochemical characteristics and biotyping. The American Type Culture Collection (ATCC 9207) strain of S. boydii was used in this experiment. The study was conducted in revived and lyophilized state of S. boydii. Both revived (Group; Gr. II) and lyophilized (Gr. III) strain of S. boydii were subjected to Mr. Trivedi’s biofield treatment. Gr. II was assessed on day 5 and day 10, while Gr. III on day 10 with respect to control (Gr. I). Sensitivity pattern of amoxicillin/k-clavulanate was improved from intermediate (I) to susceptible (S) with correspond to MIC value was also reduced by two folds (16/8 to ≤ 8/4 µg/mL) in both the treated groups as compared to control. The antimicrobial susceptibility of S. boydii showed 15% alteration in Gr. II on day 5, while significant (40%) alteration was found on day 10 as compared to control. The MIC values of antimicrobials for S. boydii also showed 12.50% alteration in Gr. II on day 5 while, significant alteration (59.38%) of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value was found in Gr. II on day 10 as compared to control. It was observed that overall 69.70% biochemical reactions were changed in which 66.67% alteration was found in Gr. II on day 10 with respect to control. Moreover, biotype numbers were changed in all the treated groups without alteration of organism as compared to control. These results suggested that biofield treatment had significant impact on S. boydii in Gr. II on day 10 with respect to antimicrobial susceptibility, MIC and biochemical reactions pattern.
Abstract: Bacillary dysentery and acute gastroenteritis caused by infection of Shigella species are major public health burden in India and its neighboring countries. Emergence of antimicrobial resistance threatens to render current treatments ineffective. The current study was attempted to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on Shigella boydii (S. ...
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